小版本升级
1. 查看当前和可升级版本
[root@jksb_qz ~]# yum list kernel
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Installed Packages
kernel.x86_64 3.10.0-693.el7
kernel.x86_64 3.10.0-1160.49.1.el7
2. 升级
[root@jksb_qz ~]# yum update kernel -y
3. 重启并检查
[root@jksb_qz ~]# reboot
[root@jksb_qz ~]# uname -r
大版本升级
1. 载入公钥
[root@jksb_qz ~]# rpm --import https://www.elrepo.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-elrepo.org
2. 升级安装ELRepo
[root@jksb_qz ~]# rpm -Uvh http://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.0-3.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm
3. 载入elrepo-kernel元数据
[root@jksb_qz ~]# yum --disablerepo=\* --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel repolist
4. 查看可用的rpm包
[root@jksb_qz ~]# yum --disablerepo=\* --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel list kernel*
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* elrepo-kernel: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
Installed Packages
kernel.x86_64 3.10.0-693.el7
kernel.x86_64 3.10.0-1160.49.1.el7
kernel-devel.x86_64 3.10.0-693.el7
kernel-devel.x86_64 3.10.0-1160.49.1.el7
kernel-headers.x86_64 3.10.0-1160.49.1.el7
kernel-tools.x86_64 3.10.0-1160.49.1.el7
kernel-tools-libs.x86_64 3.10.0-1160.49.1.el7
Available Packages
kernel-lt.x86_64 5.4.168-1.el7.elrepo
kernel-lt-devel.x86_64 5.4.168-1.el7.elrepo
kernel-lt-doc.noarch 5.4.168-1.el7.elrepo
kernel-lt-headers.x86_64 5.4.168-1.el7.elrepo
kernel-lt-tools.x86_64 5.4.168-1.el7.elrepo
kernel-lt-tools-libs.x86_64 5.4.168-1.el7.elrepo
kernel-lt-tools-libs-devel.x86_64 5.4.168-1.el7.elrepo
kernel-ml.x86_64 5.15.11-1.el7.elrepo
kernel-ml-devel.x86_64 5.15.11-1.el7.elrepo
kernel-ml-doc.noarch 5.15.11-1.el7.elrepo
kernel-ml-headers.x86_64 5.15.11-1.el7.elrepo
kernel-ml-tools.x86_64 5.15.11-1.el7.elrepo
kernel-ml-tools-libs.x86_64 5.15.11-1.el7.elrepo
kernel-ml-tools-libs-devel.x86_64 5.15.11-1.el7.elrepo
说明:
lt :long term support,长期支持版本;
ml:mainline,主线版本;
5. 安装最新版本的kernel
[root@jksb_qz ~]# yum --disablerepo=\* --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel install kernel-ml.x86_64 -y
6. 删除旧版本工具包
[root@jksb_qz ~]# yum remove kernel-tools-libs.x86_64 kernel-tools.x86_64 -y
7. 安装新版本工具包
[root@jksb_qz ~]# yum --disablerepo=\* --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel install kernel-ml-tools.x86_64 -y
8. 查看内核插入顺序
[root@jksb_qz ~]# awk -F \' '$1=="menuentry " {print i++ " : " $2}' /etc/grub2.cfg
0 : CentOS Linux (5.15.11-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core)
1 : CentOS Linux (3.10.0-1160.49.1.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core)
2 : CentOS Linux (3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core)
3 : CentOS Linux (0-rescue-3492312c4af1455a9be8092117be49a4) 7 (Core)
说明:默认新内核是从头插入,默认启动顺序也是从0开始(当前顺序还未生效),或者使用:
[root@jksb_qz ~]# grep "^menuentry" /boot/grub2/grub.cfg | cut -d "'" -f2
CentOS Linux (5.15.11-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core)
CentOS Linux (3.10.0-1160.49.1.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core)
CentOS Linux (3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core)
CentOS Linux (0-rescue-3492312c4af1455a9be8092117be49a4) 7 (Core)
其中文件 /etc/grub2.cfg 和 /boot/grub2/grub.cfg 内容一致。
9. 查看当前实际启动顺序
[root@jksb_qz ~]# grub2-editenv list
saved_entry=CentOS Linux (3.10.0-1160.49.1.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core)
10. 设置默认启动
[root@jksb_qz ~]# grub2-set-default 'CentOS Linux (5.15.11-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core)'
[root@jksb_qz ~]# grub2-editenv list
saved_entry=CentOS Linux (5.15.11-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core)
或者直接设置数值
[root@jksb_qz ~]# grub2-set-default 0 // 0代表当前第一行,也就是上面的5.15.11版本那一行内容
[root@jksb_qz ~]# grub2-editenv list
saved_entry=0
11. 重启并检查
[root@jksb_qz ~]# reboot
[root@jksb_qz ~]# uname -r